C. Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Operations on Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

Unit Objective:

At the end of this unit the resident has a working knowledge of the principles of cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart disease, the techniques of myocardial preservation, and the use of profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest in the infant and child.

Learner Objectives:

Upon completion of the unit the resident:

1. Knows the indications for the various techniques of bypass (anatomy, pathophysiology, and technical requirements of the underlying cardiac defects);
   
   
2. Knows arterial and venous cannulation techniques for different intracardiac defects;
   
   
3. Understands the techniques of myocardial protection in the neonate and young infant;
   
   
4. Understands the use of varying levels of hemodilution and anticoagulation;
   
   
5. Understands perfusion flow and pressure control;
   
   
6. Knows the methods of body temperature manipulation, and the indications for and techniques of profound hypothermia with and without total circulatory arrest.