A. Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology and Testing

At the completion of this unit the resident understands the embryology and anatomy of the lungs and their relationship to adjacent structures, the physiology of airway mechanics, gas exchange, and blood flow, and applies the findings of invasive and non-invasive tests to patient management.

Learner Objectives:

Upon completion of this unit the resident:

1. Understands the segmental anatomy of the bronchial tree and bronchopulmonary segments;
   
   
2. Understands the arterial, venous and bronchial anatomy of the lungs and their inter-relationships;
   
   
3. Understands the lymphatic anatomy of the lungs, the major lymphatic nodal stations, and lymphatic drainage routes of the lung segments;
   
   
4. Knows the indications for different thoracic incisions, the surgical anatomy encountered, and the physiological impact;
   
   
5. Knows the indications for plain radiography,CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and PET scanning for staging of lung cancer;
   
   
6. Knows the indications, interpretation, and use of nuclear medicine ventilation/perfusion scanning (V/Q scan) to determine the operability of candidates for pulmonary resection;
   
   
7. Understands the methods of invasive staging (e.g., mediastinoscopy, Chamberlain procedure, scalene node biopsy, thoracoscopy);
   
   
8. Knows how to interpret pulmonary function tests;
   
   
9. Knows how to perform pulmonary function tests.